In Europe, Massimo Cacciari is known as the philosopher who specializes in the nature of angels, the problems of the European Union, as well as aesthetics and art. In his essays, which were first published in France at the dawn of the new millennium, Cacciari, following in the footsteps of Nietzsche's thinking, raises questions about art and its categories of truth, falsehood, illusion, irony, and provocation. Starting from the major figures of modernism, Cacciari tries to locate the position of art in the course of the 20th century, enriching his discourse with references to ancient Greek literature and language, the Indian Vedas and Upanishads, as well as the three major European languages, Italian, Spanish, and German, which many consider to be the modern official language of philosophy due to its great precision.