Artificial Intelligence is associated with the expectation of launching human capabilities, and is believed to hold the keys to the exponential progress and prosperity of society. However, the "optimism paradox" for Artificial Intelligence is accompanied by intense concerns about the terms, limits, and consequences of assigning human activities to such systems. Reservations are reinforced by the opacity and incomprehensibility of these autonomous systems. The possible negative consequences are exacerbated due to the significant power asymmetry between those who develop and implement algorithmic systems and the users or those who experience the results of these systems.

The ethical and legal issues raised by the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence systems, even if not all are new, are many and complex. In the texts hosted in this book, the authors attempt to explore some fundamental questions:

• Spyros Tassis explores the issue of ethical rules that should govern technology and presents an "ethical principles roadmap".
• Iliana Kosti presents the gender biases that an algorithmic process can incorporate and reproduce.
• Apostolos Vorras highlights perhaps the major problem of AI, the lack of transparency, the risk of turning the "black box" into Pandora's box.
• Vasilis Karkatzounis raises the question of whether "Machines can think 'according to the law'", in other words, whether AI systems can participate in issuing judicial decisions and dispensing justice.
• Lilian Mitrou addresses a similar issue: is the administration (of) algorithms legal, feasible, and acceptable?

The book is written by lawyers who are primarily committed to the belief in the value of democracy and fundamental rights, but at the same time love and claim to understand technology. In this light, an attempt is made here to explore the issues raised by the development of Artificial Intelligence and to provide some answers, inherently temporary.