The 19th century was an unprecedented and innovative period, with its own unrecognizable mark on social and political history, which served as a starting point for the transformations of the modern era. The rapid alternation of philosophical and literary currents is reflected in the constant search for identity and self-definition of architects, sculptors, and painters, with the motif of "modernity" steadily present in both their sculptural adventures and their theoretical discussions. These fermentations and changes, along with their technical conquests, brought artists face to face with new terms of creation and disposition of their works. The high protection of the Court and the Church was displaced by the favor of the critics of the Salons and art merchants. The book "Art of the 19th Century," utilizing a critically processed grid of proven methodological tools, examines artistic production, its reception, and the influence of the spirit of a polylectic and particularly fruitful period of European culture.